GoogleTalk is very efficient, very clean, and very well-done. Google is clearly an engineering company. Everything is intuitive and easy to do. You add contacts by sending them an email invite. Your email address is your contact name. The VoIP functionality works very well. If you have a mic and headset it does the rest. Great result.
GoogleTalk is based on Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) developed by the Jabber open-source messaging project:
As specified in RFC 3920, the core “transport” layer for XMPP is an XML streaming protocol that makes it possible to exchange fragments of XML between any two network endpoints. Authentication and channel encryption happen at the XML streaming layer using the IETF-standard protocols for Simple Authentication and Security Layer (RFC 2222) and Transport Layer Security (RFC 2246). The normal architecture of XMPP is a pure client-server model, wherein clients connect to servers and (optionally) servers connect to each other for interdomain communications. XMPP addresses are fully internationalized, and are of the form
for clients (similar to email). A wide variety of applications can be built on top of the core XML streaming layer. The first such application is instant messaging (IM) and presence. The basic IM and presence extensions specified in RFC 3921 address the requirements of RFC 2779, as well as the contact list functionality expected IM and presence systems. RFC 3921 also makes it possible to separate the messaging and presence functionality if desired (although most deployments offer both).
XMPP extensions allow for additional functionality.
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